The weight of a cord of wood depends on several factors, including the type of wood, its moisture content, and whether it’s split or whole. On average, a cord of wood can weigh anywhere from 2,000 to 5,000 pounds, making it essential to understand what influences its weight and how it affects transportation and usage.
Dimensions of a Cord of Wood
Before delving into the weight, it’s important to understand the dimensions of a cord of wood. A full cord of wood measures.
- 4 feet high
- 8 feet long
- 4 feet deep
This equals 128 cubic feet of stacked firewood. However, the actual volume of usable wood within a cord is less due to the air gaps between the logs. Depending on how tightly the wood is stacked and the size of the logs, the usable wood typically amounts to 85–90 cubic feet.
Variations in Cord Measurements
- Face Cord: One-third of a full cord, measuring 4 feet high, 8 feet long, and about 16 inches deep.
- Half Cord: Half the size of a full cord, measuring 4 feet high, 4 feet long, and 4 feet deep, equaling 64 cubic feet.
- Thrown Cord: Loosely tossed wood into a truck or storage area, with less usable wood than a tightly stacked cord.
Factors That Influence the Weight of a Cord of Wood
1. Type of Wood
The density of the wood significantly impacts its weight. Hardwoods are generally denser and heavier than softwoods.
- Hardwoods (Oak, Hickory, Maple): Heavier, with a cord weighing around 4,000–5,000 pounds when green and 3,000–4,000 pounds when seasoned.
- Softwoods (Pine, Cedar, Spruce): Lighter, with a cord weighing approximately 2,500–3,500 pounds when green and 2,000–2,500 pounds when seasoned.
2. Moisture Content
The weight difference between green (freshly cut) and seasoned (dried) wood is significant. Green wood contains up to 50% water, which increases its weight. Seasoning reduces moisture content to below 20%, making the wood lighter and easier to handle.
3. Splitting and Stacking
Split and neatly stacked wood weighs less than whole logs due to air gaps between the pieces. However, a tightly packed cord of split wood will still weigh close to the average for its type.
Average Weights of Common Firewood Types
Here’s an estimate of the weight for a full cord of various wood types:
- Oak:
- Green: 5,500 pounds
- Seasoned: 4,000 pounds
- Hickory:
- Green: 5,200 pounds
- Seasoned: 4,100 pounds
- Maple:
- Green: 4,600 pounds
- Seasoned: 3,400 pounds
- Pine:
- Green: 3,500 pounds
- Seasoned: 2,200 pounds
- Cedar:
- Green: 2,900 pounds
- Seasoned: 2,100 pounds
Why Does the Weight Matter?
Transportation
A full cord of green hardwood can easily exceed the load capacity of standard vehicles. If you’re transporting wood, ensure your vehicle can handle the weight safely. For instance, a half-ton truck typically has a payload capacity of around 1,500–2,000 pounds, making it suitable for a half cord of seasoned wood but not a full cord of green hardwood.
Burning Efficiency
Seasoned wood not only weighs less but also burns more efficiently, providing more heat and less smoke than green wood. Choosing seasoned wood reduces the hassle of drying it yourself and ensures better performance.
How to Estimate Weight When Buying Firewood
- Ask the Seller: Reputable suppliers can provide an estimate of the wood’s weight based on its type and condition.
- Moisture Meter: Use a moisture meter to check the wood’s moisture content. Lower moisture means lighter, more efficient wood.
- Visual Inspection: Green wood looks fresh and feels heavy, while seasoned wood has cracks at the ends and feels lighter.
360 Key Takeaways
- A cord of wood measures 128 cubic feet and weighs anywhere from 2,000 to 5,000 pounds, depending on type and moisture content.
- Hardwoods like oak and hickory are heavier and provide more heat than softwoods like pine and cedar.
- Properly seasoned wood is lighter, easier to transport, and burns more efficiently.
- Always check the dimensions and condition of firewood to ensure you’re getting what you need.
Final Thoughts
Understanding the dimensions and weight of a cord of wood is essential for planning its transportation, storage, and use. Whether you’re purchasing hardwood for heating or softwood for quick fires, knowing these details helps you make informed decisions that maximize efficiency and value.